The JavaScript downloader malware SocGholish, also known as FakeUpdates, is being exploited to deploy AsyncRAT, a remote access trojan, along with the legitimate BOINC software. BOINC, an open-source project from the University of California, is designed for distributed computing and rewards users with Gridcoin cryptocurrency. Malicious instances of BOINC are used to establish command-and-control servers and collect host data for further exploitation.
Infected machines connect to domains controlled by the attackers, where they receive additional payloads and commands. Despite the lack of observed follow-on activities, researchers suspect that these compromised hosts might be sold for initial access or used to deploy ransomware. The BOINC app, renamed to evade detection, is set up to persist through scheduled tasks.
The misuse of BOINC by malware is under investigation by the project maintainers, who are seeking ways to counteract the threat. The malicious use of this legitimate software highlights the evolving tactics of malware developers and the ongoing challenge of securing distributed computing platforms.
Security experts are tracking the use of advanced techniques like compiled V8 JavaScript to bypass detection and conceal various types of malware. The adaptation of these techniques demonstrates the continuous cat-and-mouse game between cybersecurity professionals and threat actors.The SocGholish JavaScript downloader malware has been discovered to deliver two distinct payloads: the AsyncRAT remote access trojan and a legitimate open-source project called BOINC. SocGholish typically initiates its attack when users are tricked into downloading a fake browser update from compromised websites. Once executed, the malware retrieves additional malicious payloads, which in this case includes AsyncRAT and a rebranded version of BOINC.
BOINC, a volunteer computing platform maintained by the University of California, is designed to utilize home computers for large-scale distributed computing tasks. It is also intended to reward users with Gridcoin, a cryptocurrency. However, threat actors have repurposed BOINC to connect to their own command-and-control servers, enabling them to collect data, deliver payloads, and issue further commands to infected systems. As of mid-July 2024, over 10,000 clients have been compromised and linked to these domains.
The infected BOINC application, disguised as “SecurityHealthService.exe” or “trustedinstaller.exe,” sets up persistence through a scheduled task using a PowerShell script to evade detection. This misuse of BOINC has been observed since June 2024, and while no follow-up activity has been reported yet, there is concern that the compromised systems could be sold as initial access vectors for further exploitation, potentially including ransomware deployment.
The issue highlights a troubling trend where legitimate software is hijacked for malicious purposes, and the use of sophisticated evasion techniques, such as JavaScript-based malware, continues to evolve. The developers of BOINC are investigating this misuse to mitigate the impact, but the incident underscores the need for vigilance against evolving malware tactics that exploit trusted platforms and technologies.
