What’s an IoT Botnet Malware?

An IoT (Internet of Things botnet is a network of computers, smart appliances and Internet-connected devices, infected with malware that are under the control of a single attacking party, known as the “bot-herder.” IoT devices are everyday objects or appliances embedded with sensors, software, and network connectivity to enable data exchange and automation.

Botnets are networks of compromised devices controlled by a central command-and-control (C&C) server. When IoT devices are infected with botnet malware, they become part of a larger network of compromised devices, forming an IoT botnet. These botnets can be leveraged by attackers to carry out various malicious activities.

The key characteristics of IoT botnet malware include:

1. Device compromise: The malware exploits vulnerabilities in IoT devices to gain unauthorized access and control. This can be through weak or default passwords, outdated firmware, or unpatched security vulnerabilities.

2. Recruitment: Once compromised, the malware infects and recruits the device into the botnet. Infected devices become botnet “bots” or “zombies” under the control of the botnet operator.

3. Command and control: The botnet malware connects to a central C&C server, which serves as a command center for the attacker. The C&C server issues instructions and coordinates the actions of the infected devices.

4. Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks: IoT botnets are commonly used to launch large-scale DDoS attacks. The coordinated power of numerous compromised devices overwhelms targeted servers or networks with a flood of traffic, causing service disruptions or outages.

5. Spam campaigns: Some IoT botnets are employed to send out massive volumes of spam emails, propagate phishing campaigns, or distribute other forms of malware.

6. Cryptocurrency mining: IoT devices with sufficient computing power, such as smart TVs or home routers, can be utilized for cryptocurrency mining. The botnet malware harnesses the collective resources of infected devices to mine cryptocurrencies, generating profits for the attackers.